Well-drilling machinery.



N6. 665,026. Patented 1an. 190|.

6. n. Looms. y

WELL DRILLING MAGHINERY.

(Application led June 17, 1899A v 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

No. 665,026. A Patented lan. I, I9UI.- Us; D. Looms. WELL DRILUNG MAGHNERY.

Applimion med V.mma 17. 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

WHIDCSSCS No. 665,025 A Patented 1an. l, iam. f

f l..n.`|.uow||s.

WELL DRILLING MACHINERY.

* (Application led June 17, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.I

W @gw y Z asJlrrorgeys, ryelwmg l mz sums PErERs co. wcm-umn., wgsHmnToN. n. cA

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

GEORGE DUDLEY LooMIsv, or TIEFIN, oHIo.

WELL-DRILLING MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 665,026, dated January 1, 1901.

Application led .Tune 1'7, 1899. Serial No. 720,953. (No modelJ A To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that LGEORGE. DUDLEY LooMIs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ti ffm, in the county of Seneca and State of Ohio,

have invented new and useful VVell-Drilling` Machinery, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to well-drilling machinery adapted particularly for operation by steam or horse power or other analogous power; and one object is to provide a simple, compact, and efficient machine which may be manufactured at a comparatively small cost and adaptable for spudding, as also for pipedriving, with the minimum strain upon the supporting structure.

A further object of my invention is to pro-A vide a construction in which the drill will de scend with much more rapidity than that with which it rises and in which this feature may be embodied in a machine employing'a such reciprocation is secured by means of a walking-beam, this walking-beam being adapted for attachment Ato the spuddingbeam interchangeably with the drill-rope, the

method of attachment being such that both the drilling and the spudding operations may be performed without changing the direction of rotation of the drivingengine- `This permits the employment of a single-acting engine and saves the expense of a reversible en-yy gine and the excessive work incident thereto.`

A further object of my invention is to pro` vide means for quickly throwing the drill-i rope from the end of the spudding-beam to enable quick withdrawal of the drill, and also to simplify and perfect other specific portions of the mechanism.

In the drawings forming a portion of this specification, and in which like numerals of reference indicate similar parts in the several views, Figure 1 is a detail perspective of my machine in readiness for the drilling operation and having the'pitman connection loetween the spudding-beam and the lower beam omitted. Fig. 2 is a reverse View of Fig. 1 with the pitman connection between the beams'in place. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3 3 ot' Fig. 4. Fig. 4is a section'on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section of one of the slidable bearing-blocks;

6 is a detail showing the eccentric bear- `front and rear cross-pieces 3 and 4, and an intermediate cross-piece 5.

Extending upwardly from the forward ends of the sills 1 and 2 are uprights 5 and 6, having journals 7 in their upper ends adapted to receive the trunnions 8 of a derrick, comprising sides 9 and 10, having the usual rungs 11, resulting in the formation of a ladder. The uprights 5 and 6 have suitable bracings 12, and transversely of the lower end of the ladder is a cross-piece 13, the ends of which project to engage the adjacent faces of the uprights 5 and 6, and thus limit the forward movement of the lower end of the ladder and maintain it in an upright position. Other and additional means of the usual form may be employed for holding the ladder in its elevated position.

Extending upwardly from the sills 1 and 2 a suitable distance from the derrick are uprights 14 and 15, having a shaft 16 passed horizontally therethrough, and which shaft carries the forked ends of a spudding-bam 17, having at its free end a pulley 18 upon a shaft 19, journaled in a stirrup. This stirrup consists of a base 20, from one side of which is a vertical extension 21, extending beyond the upperV periphery of the pulley 18, and then over and downward of the opposite face thereof, its lower end receiving the adjacentv the stirrup, I pivot to an ear 22, in alinement with the said downwardly-extending portion of the strip, an arm 23, having a slot 24 adja- IOO cent its upper end, and which slot receives the adjacent end of the shaft 19 when said arm is rotated upon its pivot to assu me a vertical position. The slot 24 is directed toward the end of the arm in order that it may not be displaced in the operation of the pulley.

Secured to the outer face of the arm 23 and extending parallel with the adjacent face of the pulley 18 is a rope-guard 25, which latter extends across the periphery of the pulley 18 and downwardly of the opposite side thereof to a point within the periphery of the pulley. This guard is separated from the face of the 'pulley bya slight interspace to allow free rotation of the latter. A vertical perforation is made in the base 2O of the stirrup, and through this perforation is passed the threaded stem of a bolt 26, which is also passed through an alining perforation in the spudding-beam l17. Withdrawal of the bolt 26 from said perforations is prevented through the medium of a nut 27 upon said bolt and engaging the upper face of said base.

In practice the drill-rope isV passed around the pulley 1S and through the guard 25, the pivotal connection of the arm 23 permitting movement of the arm and guard to facilitate the application of the rope, after which the arm is returned to engage the shaft 19 with the slot thereof. When the rope is to be disengaged from the pulley, the arm is moved pivotally to carry the guard rearwardly and the rope may be removed over the edge of the pulley.

The opposite end of the bolt 26 is headed, and intermediate the head and the under side of the spudding-beam is a rubber washer 27, affording a yieldable connection between the beam and the bolt-head.

From the under side of the head of the bolt 26 is extended a web, as shown, through which is formed a transverse perforation to receive the pivot of a pitman 2S, for a purpose which Will be presently described.

A supplemental sill 30 is arranged intermediate the sills 1 and 2, and on said sill 30 and the sill l are fixed bearings 31 and 32, which receive a shaft 33, carrying a gearwheel 34. This gear-wheel,which is arranged upon the shaft 33 beyond the sill 30, hasv upon its outer face a wrist-pin 35, upon which is mounted a roller 3G, which fits snugly a longitudinal slot 37 in the lower beam 38 of my machine. This beam is formed of a T-iron, one end of which is bent in the plane of the web of the T in such manner that the flange of the bent-over portion will lie above and parallel with the flange of the adjacent portion of the body of the rail. At both eX- tremties of the iron the web is removed, the extremity of the bent-over portion being bent downwardly and riveted or otherwise secured to the adjacent face of the Hange of the body portion. The flange at the opposite end of the iron is curved upwardly to form an eye, which eye 3Ga is passed over the end of the shaft 37, as shown in Figs. 3and 4 of the drawings, the shaft 37 being journaled in bearings on the sills 1 and 30 and parallel with the shaft 33.

The web of the bent-over portion of the T- iron, from which the lower beam is formed, as above described, is provided with a series of perforations 39, adapted to receive the pin at the lower end of a pitman 2S, whose npper slotted end receives the web of the bolt 2G and to which web it is pivotally attached through the medium of a pin 41, passed through the arms of the pitman and the perforation in the web of the bolt-head.

The shaft- 33 is what I term the driveshaft and may have a universal connection, as shown at 42, with a shaft 43 leading to a common form of machine for utilization of horse-power, or said shaft may be provided with a pulley-wheel adapted for the application of a belt from a steam-engine. It will thus be seen that as the shaft is rotated the wrist-pin 35 will cause reciprocation of the lower beam 38, and that as the wrist-pin in its upward movement operates upon the outer end of the beam it will raise the outer end with a quick motion, and that after said beam is raised it will be lowered witha slower motion, due to the length of the path of the wrist-pin in its travel from the point of greatest elevation of the beam to the point of greatest depression. This is a result that has heretofore been secured through the medium of cams, but with many resultant defects, all of which I overcome with this construction.

In the rear of the uprights 14 and 15 and parallel therewith are secured upon the sills 1 and 2 additional and shorter uprights 42 and 43, upon the upper ends of which are arranged horizontal beams 44 and 45, having blocks 46 and 47 secured upon their upper edges, in slidable engagement with which are bearing-blocks 4S, in which is journaled a shaft 49. Upon the shaft 49 is arranged a drum 50, and adjacent one end thereof and fixed to the shaft "49 is a friction-wheel 51, having a grooved periphery, as shown, which groove is adapted to receive a correspond- IOO ingly-formed periphery of a second frictiony wheel 52 upon the shaft 37, journaled in bearings 54, fixed upon the sills 30 and 1,the shaft 49 and the parts carried thereby being adjustable with respect to the wheel 52 to establish or destroy the frictional engagement between the wheels 51 and 52. Upon the shaft 37L I arrange a sprocket 72, from which extends a sprocket-chain 73 to a second sprocket 74, arranged loosely upon the shaft 33. A clutch 75 is splined to the shaft 33, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and is adapted to engage the adjacent faces of the sprocket 74, said clutch being adapted for reciprocation upon its shaft through the rnedium of a lever 75", having a Spanner 7G, whose inwardly-turned ends play in a peripheral groove in the clutch. Thus by manipulation of the lever 75' the sprocket 74 may be thrown into or out of engagement with-its shaft and cause the shaft 37 to rotate and wind up its rope.

In order to reciprocate the shaft 49, and therewith the drum 50 and wheel 51, to cause peripheral engagement of said wheel with wheel 52, I provide a rod 57, having a perforation at one end adapted to receive a portion of the bearing-blocks of the shaft 49, which projects beyond themain portion, said rod passing through a guide 58 upon, the upright 15 and having at its opposite end an eccentric-strap 59, which lies upon an eccentric 60, carried by a shaft 6l, journaled in a bearing 62 upon the sill l. The shaft 61 has xed thereto an operating-lever 63, through the medium of which said shaft and its eccentric may be rotated to reciprocate the rod 57 and shift the wheel 51 into or out of engagement with the wheel 52. The drum is adapted to receive the drill-rope 64, which passes from said drum over a pulley 65, arranged loosely upon the shaft 16 in the uprights 14 and 15, thence into engagement with the under side of the pulley 18, and then upwardly and over the upper pulley of the derrick in the usual manner. Thus by manipulation of the levers 63 and 75 the drum may be caused to rotate either to withdraw the drill-rope or to allow it to pay out, and in order to hold the drum against rotation during the drilling operation a fixed brakeblock 66 is fixed to the frame or body of the apparatus and has a curved face adjacent the wheel 51 and into engagement with which face said wheel lies when at the limit of its rearward movement.

Mounted upon the braces 12 of the derrick are bearings 80, in one of which bearings is mounted a shaft 67, the other end of said shaft being mounted eccentrically of a cylindrical block 81, which in turn is journaled in the opposite bearing 80. This block 81 has alever 82 extending therefrom in order that the adjacent end of said shaft 67 may be reciprocated fora purpose hereinafter eX- 33 and through thc medium of which the friction-wheel 71 is rotated to rotate at'times the drum 68.

The operation of my invention in this form will be readily seen upon inspection of Fig. 2 of the drawings and is as follows: The pitman 28 having been adjusted with respect to the lower beam 38 to secure the desired throw jand thedrill beingin position, the shaft 33 is caused to rotate, causing a reciprocation of the beam 38 and a similar reciprocation of the spu'dding-beam 17,the drill being dropped with a sharp quick action and being withdrawn more slowly. Itr being then-desired to withdraw the drill, the arm 23 of the stirrup ings.

in which the pulley 18 is journaled is disengaged from the shaft 19, removing the guard 25 from the rope 64 and allowing its disengagement from the pulley 18. By manipulating lever 75 to engage the clutch -withp the shaft 16 as the rope is wound upon the drum. The rope from the sand-drum being unwound therefrom and it being desired to wind it thereupon,the lever 82 is operated to move the adjacent end of the shaft 67 in the direction of the friction-wheel 71, causing engagement of the peripheries of the wheels 70 and 71, the shaft 67 is rotated, and the drum 68 operated to wind its rope thereupon.

The utility of the washer 27a (shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings) is particularly desirable in the employment of a wire cable in which there is practically no elasticity and without which washer the derrick and other portions of the mechanism would quickly succumb, it being evident, however, that I may omit the washer when this inelasticityis compensated for by other means; also, that I may employ a metallic spring in the place of the rubber washer. i

As is well known, after the welldriliing operation has progressed to a certain point the spudding-beam can no longer be used, and when this is dispensed with I substitute therefor a walking-beam 90, having a pivotal connection with one of the rung/sy 91 of the derrick and equipped at its work endwith the usual connections for engagement with the drill-rope, as shown in Fig. 2 of the draw- The opposite end of the walking-beam is provided with a pitman 92, pivotally connected therewith, and which pitman is adaptedAfor connection with the shaftl9, upon which the pulley 18 is normally mounted and from which said pulley may be removed to permit this connection. a single pitman may extend from the end of the walking-beam to the lower beam 38 and the spudding-beam thrown backwardly and out of the way. By this arrangement of Walking-beam and spudding-beam the walkingbeam may be connected with the spuddingbeam interchangeably with the drill-rope to permit the operation of spudding or of drilling without changing the direction of movement of the rotating parts. This saves the expense of a reversing-engine,both as regards first cost and as regards maintenance and attention.

It will be readily understood that I may vary the specific construction and arrangement herein shown and described and thatI may employ my form of spndding-beam in operative connection with a drilling-m achine of other general construction and that other If desired, however',

IOO

IOS

IIO

means for throwing the parts into and out of gear may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A well-drilling machine comprising a frame including a derrick, a pulley for the derrick, a drill-rope passed over the pulley and adapted for operative connection with a spudding-beam pivoted in the frame, a second beam having a fixed relation to the spudding-beam, a rotatable body engaging the second beam and adapted to move longitudinally thereof to raise and lower it with varying speeds, and a pivoted walking-beam adapted for operative connection at one side of its pivot with the drill-rope and at the opposite side of its pivot with the second beam alternately with the operative connection of the d rill-rope with the spudding-beam whereby spudding or drilling may be performed with a quick down motion and a slower up motion and without changing the direction of rotation of the mechanism.

2. A well-drilling machine comprising a frame including a derrick, a pulley for the derrick, a drill-rope passed over the pulley and adapted for operative connection with a spudding-beam pivoted in the frame, a sec-` ond beam having a xed relation to the spudding-beanl, a rotatable body engaging the second beam and adapted to move longitudinally thereof to raise and lower it with varying speeds, means for varying the length of the arc of movement of the spudding-beam, and a pivoted walking-beam adapted for operative connection of one side of its pivot with the drill-rope and at the opposite side of its pivot with the second beam alternately with the operative connection of the drillrope with the spudding-beam,whereby spudding or drilling may be performed with a quick down motion and a slower up motion and withoutchanging the direction of rotation of the mechanism.

3. In a drilling mechanism, the combination with a spudding-beam and a drill-rope adapted for operative connection therewith, of a second beam connected with the spudding-beam,means for raising and lowering the second beam and therewith the spuddingbeam at different speeds, and a pivoted walking-beam adapted for connection at one side of its pivot with the spudding-beam and at the opposite side of its pivot with the drillrope alternately with the connection of the drill-rope with the spudding-beam, whereby spudding or drilling may be performed with a quick down motion and a slower up motion and without changing the direction of rotation of the mechanism.

4. In a well-drilling machine, the combination with the derrick and its supportingframe, of a spudding-beam pivotally connected with the frame, a pulley concentric with the fulcrum of the beam, a second pulley upon the outer end of the beam, a drum upon the frame, a rope upon the drum adapted for operative engagement with said pulleys and the derrick, a lower beam operatively connected with the spudding-beam, a yieldable cushion between the beams, means for operating the lower beam with a quick up motion and a slower down motion, and a walking-beam pivoted in the derrick and adapted for connection with the spudding-beam at one side of its pivot and with said rope at the opposite side of its pivot alternately with the engagement of the rope with the spuddingbeam, whereby drilling or spudding may be performed with a quick down motion and a slower up motion and without changing the direction of rotation of the mechanism.

5. In a well-drilling machine, the combination with a derrick and its supportingframe, of a drill-rope depending from said derrick, a spudding-beam, a slotted lever pivoted to the frame and having connections with the spudding-beam, a drill-rope adapted for yieldable connection with the spudding-beam, a wheel adjacent the lever and having a projection lying in the slot of the latter and adapted to move longitudinally thereof to raise and depress the lever with a quick up motion and a slower down motion, means for operating the wheel, and a walking-beam pivoted in the derrick and adapted for connection with the spudding-beam at one side of its pivot and with the said rope at the opposite side of its pivot alternately with the engagement of the rope with the spudding-beam, whereby spudding or drilling may be performed with a quick down motion and a slower up motion and without changing the direction of rotation of the mechanism.

6. In a drilling mechanism, the combination with a spudding-beam of a guide-pulley, a frame for the pulley mounted at the free end of the beam, said frame having a movable portion adapted to open the frame and permit the application and removal of the drill-rope and a guide fixed to the movable portion to bridge the wheel when the movable portion is in its closed position, a derrick, a drill-rope slidably engaged with the derrick and adapted for engagement with the guide-pulley, a second beam connected with the spudding-beam, means for lowering and raising the second beam to correspondingly move the spudding-beam at differentI speeds, and a pivoted walking-beam adapted for connection at one side of its pivot with the spudding-beam and at the opposite side of its pivot with the drill-rope alternately with the connection of the drill-rope with the spudding-beam, whereby spudding or drilling may be performed with a quick down motion and a slower up motion and Without changing the direction of rotation of the mechanism.

7. In a well-drilling machine, the combination with a spudding-beam, of a guide-pulley at one end thereof, a supporting-frame for said pulley, said frame having a movable portion adapted to open the frame to permit the application and removal of the drill-rope, and a guide fixed tothe movable portion and adapted for movement therewith into and out of operative relation to the pulley to permit application of the drill-rope to and removal from the pulley.

8. 1n a drilling-machine, the combination with a spudding-bearn of a guide-pulley yieldably connected therewith, a drill-rope engaged with the pulley, a second beam connected with the spudding-beam, means for raising and lowering the second beam and therewiththe spudding-beam at different speeds, and a pivoted walking-beam adapted for connection at one side of its pivot with the spudding-beam and at the opposite side of its pivot with the drill-rope alternately with the connection of the drill-rope with the spudding-beam, whereby spudding or drilling may be performed with a quick down motion. and a slower up motion and without changing the direction of rotation of the mechanism'.

9. In a drilling mechanism, the combination with a derrick havinga guide-pulley, of

a drill-rope passed over the pulley and adapted for operative connection with a pivoted spudding-bcam, a second beam having a fixed relation to the spudding-beam, a wheel having a connection with the lower beam and adapted to move it upwardly and downwardly with varying speeds, means for varying the arc of movement of the spudding-beam, a walking-beam pivoted to the derrick and adapted for operative connection at one side of its pivot with the drill-rope and at the opposite side of its pivot with the second beam alternately with the operative connection of the drill-rope with the spudding-beam, a sand-drum at the base of the derrick and between it and the wheel which operates the spudding-beam, and means for operatively connecting the sand-drum with said wheel.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE DUDLEY LOOMIS.

Witnesses:

HARRY TAGGART, E. T. NAYLOR. 

